Document Classification: Public Technical Specification

    Scope: Transport Layer Cryptographic Architecture

    Revision Policy: Updated upon cryptographic standard evolution

    Formal Security Whitepaper

    Post-Quantum Segmented
    Transport Architecture

    Version: 1.1
    Author: Stanislav Kurmanov
    Status: Production Deployment
    Type: Architectural Security Specification

    Architecture Overview

    Fig. 1 — Segmented post-quantum transport enclave. Classical compatibility at the edge; strict PQ-only enforcement inside the boundary.

    1.Terminology and Normative Language

    The key words MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, and MAY in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

    Normative Sections

    Binding architectural requirements

    Informative Sections

    Design rationale and operational commentary

    2.Architectural Classification

    Architecture TypeSegmented Post-Quantum Transport Enclave
    Deployment ModelHybrid Compatibility Edge + Strict PQ Core
    Operational StatusProduction

    3.Normative Requirements

    3.1Transport Protocol

    3.1.1Public Edge

    • MUST support TLS 1.3 only
    • MUST NOT support TLS 1.2 or earlier
    • MUST NOT enable legacy cipher suites
    • MAY support classical key exchange mechanisms for compatibility

    Rationale: Current browser ecosystem limitations preclude PQ-only external endpoints.

    3.1.2Internal Post-Quantum Segment

    • MUST operate exclusively on TLS 1.3
    • MUST enforce ML-KEM (mlkem768) as the only allowed key exchange group
    • MUST NOT allow X25519, P-256, or any classical group
    • MUST require ML-DSA-based signature verification
    • MUST terminate the handshake on group mismatch
    • MUST terminate the handshake on signature mismatch
    • MUST terminate the handshake on protocol downgrade attempt
    Hybrid fallback inside the PQ enclave is explicitly forbidden.

    3.2Downgrade Resistance

    Inside the PQ enclave:

    • Classical key exchange fallback MUST NOT exist
    • Cipher suite negotiation MUST NOT include classical alternatives
    • Protocol version negotiation MUST reject any version other than TLS 1.3
    • Handshake failure MUST be logged and treated as a security event

    3.3Cryptographic Boundary

    The cryptographic boundary SHALL be defined between Edge (nginx) and PQ Gate. All transport across this boundary MUST comply with the PQ-only enforcement policy.

    4.Threat Model (Formalized)

    4.1 Store-Now-Decrypt-Later

    Capabilities

    • Passive interception
    • Traffic archival
    • Future quantum decryption attempt

    Mitigation Objective

    Internal transport MUST be protected with ML-KEM to ensure quantum-resistant forward secrecy.

    4.2 Active Downgrade Attacker

    Capabilities

    • TLS negotiation interference
    • Cipher manipulation
    • Group substitution

    Mitigation Objective

    Downgrade attempts MUST result in handshake termination.

    4.3 Internal Network Observer

    Capabilities

    • Passive sniffing
    • Partial network access

    Mitigation Objective

    All inter-component traffic across the boundary MUST remain encrypted under PQ-only transport.

    5.Informative Section — Design Rationale

    5.1Why Segmentation Instead of Full PQ

    As of 2026, mainstream browsers do not support ML-KEM, and ecosystem components (databases, caches, service mesh layers) lack PQ-native TLS. A fully PQ external endpoint would result in total loss of compatibility.

    Operational PQ enforcement

    Backward compatibility

    Real performance evaluation

    Controlled cryptographic transition

    6.Performance Metrics (Observed)

    Values represent measured behavior in current deployment; updated periodically.

    6.1Handshake Overhead

    ~8–15%

    Latency increase vs X25519

    ~2–4×

    Certificate size increase (ML-DSA vs ECDSA)

    None observed

    Service degradation under load

    6.2Throughput Impact

    • Bulk data transfer performance unaffected (symmetric AES-GCM is unchanged)
    • Overhead isolated to handshake phase
    • PQ transport overhead is front-loaded and amortized over persistent connections

    6.3Failure Characteristics

    • Explicit handshake rejection on classical group attempt
    • Explicit failure when signature algorithm mismatch occurs
    • No silent fallback observed

    7.Cryptographic Configuration Appendix

    7.1Internal PQ Segment Configuration

    Enabled

    ProtocolTLS 1.3
    KEM Groupmlkem768
    Signaturemldsa44
    Cipher SuiteTLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384

    Disabled

    X25519
    secp256r1
    secp384r1
    TLS 1.2
    All legacy ciphers

    7.2Edge Configuration Summary

    Enabled

    TLS 1.3
    Strong classical groups
    Modern AEAD cipher suites

    Disabled

    TLS 1.2
    Weak cipher suites
    RSA key exchange

    8.Migration Strategy (Formalized)

    Phase 1CURRENT

    Hybrid public edge + strict internal PQ enclave

    Current operational state.

    Phase 2

    Hybrid External Support

    When browsers implement hybrid KEM:

    External edge SHOULD enable hybrid KEM.

    Internal PQ enforcement SHALL remain strict.

    Phase 3

    PQ-Only Optional Endpoint

    When browser ecosystem stabilizes:

    PQ-only external endpoint MAY be introduced.

    Compatibility endpoint MAY remain temporarily.

    Phase 4

    Extended PQ Adoption

    When supported by ecosystem:

    Service-to-service PQ transport.

    PQ-capable database connections.

    PQ-aware service mesh.

    9.Security Governance Principles

    No exaggerated quantum immunity claims

    No silent fallback mechanisms

    No undocumented hybrid exceptions

    Explicit downgrade policy

    Explicit trust boundary definition

    Measurable cryptographic enforcement

    10.Architectural Positioning Statement

    This system does not claim complete post-quantum internet exposure.

    It operates a production-enforced, downgrade-resistant post-quantum transport enclave within a compatibility-constrained external ecosystem.

    The architecture reflects deliberate cryptographic transition strategy rather than marketing alignment.

    Version History

    1.1Normative formalization and downgrade policy clarificationCURRENT
    1.0Initial release

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